Phylum Chordata – Vertebrates & Relatives

Chordates are animals that at some stage in their life cycle possess a notochord, a dorsal nerve cord, gill slits, and a post‑anal tail. This phylum includes all vertebrates as well as two smaller groups: tunicates and lancelets. Chordates range from simple filter‑feeding marine animals to the most complex land vertebrates, including humans. Subdivision of … Continue reading "Phylum Chordata – Vertebrates & Relatives"

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Kingdom Animalia

Animals are multicellular, heterotrophic organisms (must eat organic material) that develop from embryos and show a wide range of body forms, behaviours, and ecological roles. The animal kingdom includes everything from simple sponges to complex vertebrates such as birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes. Historically, animals were often divided into “vertebrates” and “invertebrates”, but modern … Continue reading "Kingdom Animalia"

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Order Artiodactyla – Even-toed Ungulates and Cetaceans

Kingdom: Animalia > Phylum: Chordata > Class: Mammalia > Order: Artiodactyla Artiodactyla is an order that includes the even‑toed hoofed mammals as well as whales and dolphins. Most terrestrial members walk on two main toes and are plant‑eaters with specialised digestive systems, while the cetaceans are fully aquatic and adapted for life in water. Modern … Continue reading "Order Artiodactyla – Even-toed Ungulates and Cetaceans"

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Order Carnivora — Carnivores

Kingdom: Animalia > Phylum: Chordata > Class: Mammalia > Order: Carnivora Carnivores are mammals adapted to feeding mainly on other animals, with strong jaws and specialised teeth for cutting meat. Many species are strictly carnivorous, while others are more omnivorous and will also eat fruit or other plant material. The order includes a wide range … Continue reading "Order Carnivora — Carnivores"

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Class Mammalia — Mammals

Mammals are warm‑blooded animals with hair or fur that suckle their young. They first appeared over 200 million years ago and became the dominant land vertebrates after the extinction of the dinosaurs. Living mammals are divided into two subclasses: Prototheria and Theria. Prototherians include the egg-laying monotremes. Therians give birth to live young and are further … Continue reading "Class Mammalia — Mammals"

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